Submarine cable



April 12, 1932. E. FISCHER 1,853,676

SUBMARINE CABLE Filed July 29, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l April 12, 1932. 'E F|5CHER SUBMARINE CABLE Filed July 29, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 .Rmdzv w au Patented Apr. 12, 1932 UNITED STATES' PATENT OFFICE ERNST FISCHER, 0F, BERLIN-TEKPELHOF, GERMANY, ABSIGNOB T0 SIEHENB- SOHUCXEBTWEBKE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, 0F BEBLIN-SIEIENSSTADT, GERMANY,

A CORPORATION 0F GERIANY smnnmE canina` My invention relates to improvements in cables, and more particularly in submarine long distance communication cables.

The provision of compensating condensers for diminishing cross-talk or for compensating coil'lield capacities (longitudinal compensation) causes considerable inconveniences in the manufacture of submarine cables, be-. cause it is very difficult to accommodate condenser bushings and similar receptacles containing the condensers. For cables laid in the ground it has already been proposed to employ a special short length of cable located parallel to the cable for compensating the cross-talk couplin s. One or more conductors having a de nite capacity are in such cases employed as compensating or neutral--v izing condensers. This design is, however, not applicable to submarine or sea cables.

According to my invention additional conductors are placed into a submarine cable in such a manner that the flexibility of the cable is scarcely 'affected thereby. These additional conductors are located underneath the lead sheath of the cable, for instance in acircular ring. They may be stranded together per se and combined with the cable conductors to form the cable core. The additional conductors may extend along the entire length of the cable and may be surrounded by a metallic screening envelope for reducing detrimental couplings. They have a certain capacity and may thus be utilized as coinpensating condensers. If desired the additional conductors (condenser conductors) may be subdivided in sections of suitable length. p

It is according to my invention also possible to connect a lura ity of condenser conductors in paralle or to combine them in any other suitable manner in order to var their capacity values. The condenser con uctors may be stranded or twisted together in the manner well known in the art so that they do not interfeie with one another and are not detrimentally a'ected by the main conductors. They may also be screened in the customary manner by protective sleeves of conducting and/or magnetic material.

A preferred embodiment of my invention 381,779, and in Germany August 8, 1828.

consists in providing the outer ends of those cable portions which form the ends of a coil 4 lield, witha closed layer of condenser conductors along a length. of a few metres. Whenever required some of these condenser conductors are, after/the cable is iinished or already during its manufacture, employed as compensating condensers or the like for the main conductors.

For a particularly exact compensation a portion of the condenser conductors may be made comparatively short. The conductors may then at the end of the cable section be pulled out of the insulation a certain length until the additional-capacity possesses as accurately as possible the desired value. The projecting portion of the conductor is then cut olf.

Two embodiments of my invention are illustrated in the drawings aiiixed to my specihcation. In these drawings F 1g. l represents a -cross-section through one .construction of my improved cable Fig. 2, a cross-section through a modification, and

Fig 3, a longitudinal section through a still further modification of in invention.

Referring to Fig. l. of the rawings, l is the bundle of the main conductors of a subinarine cable which, for instance, may consist of l2 quads. Around this bundle a layer 2 of condenser conductors, forinstance pairs, is placed along the entire length of the cable, this layer 2 being combined with bundle l to form the cable core. The individual 'condenser conductors are cut into dili'erent lengths so that the individual sections have different capacities. rThis permits of a very accurate compensation between the main conductors, by connecting two main conductors with two or more condenser conductor lengths combined in any suitable manner. 14 is a screen which electrostaticall and electromagnetically screens the con enser con;- ductors from the main conductors.

In Fig. 2 of the drawings a bundle of condenser conductors 4 for a number of cable conductors is stranded or twisted together with the main conductors 3 along the entire length of the cable. This bundle is subdivided into sections of diiferent lengths which Referring to Fig. 3 ofthe drawings, 5 fis a piece of cable of, for instance, a little over 30 meters length. Into the gaps which are formed by the speech circuits, is placed along the entire cable the condenser bunch 6' which is cut .into lengths of 10 meters each, so that in the illustration the sections 7 8 and 9 result. These sections contain conductors of different dia-meter and thus of different capacity. At the finished cable core the compensation may then be effected at any desired oint by connecting the individual condenser conductors with the conductors of the cable. If very small capacities only are required for the compensation, a iece of cable of 10 meters length ma be sub ivided again.

If it is desired to e ect the compensation subsequently, for instance after the cable has already been provided with a lead sheath, the lead sheath is cut open at any desired oint, for instance at the point marked 10. gince the group of condenser conductors passes along the entire cable lengthfthe condenser conductors will be encountered at any place of the cable. At this point 10 the condenser conductors are likewise cut through so that, for instance, at one side the condenser conductors are 3 metres distant from the cut and at the other side 7 metres. rBy employing the condenser conductors in the lengths cut or by connecting the condenser conductors in parallel, an desired capacity may be produced for t e compensation.

Various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and the scope of the invention.

I claim as my invention:

1. A long distance communication cable, having insulated cable conductors combined into a cable core, a lead sheath enclosing said cable core, and condenser conductors adapted to compensate detrimental cross-talk couplings and being located within said lead sheath, at least some of said additional condenser conductors being electrically connected with said insulated cable conductors.

2. A long distance communication cable, having insulated cable conductors combined into a cable core, a lead sheath enclosing said cable core, and condenser conductors adapted to compensate detrimental cross-talk couplings and being located within said lead sheath and stranded together with the insulated conductors of the cable core, 'at least some of said condenser conductors being elec-- trically connected with said insulated cable conductors.`

3. A long distance communication cable, having insulated cable conductors combined into a cable core, a lead sheath enclosing said cable core, and condenser conductors adapted to compensate detrimental cross-talk couplings and being located within said lead sheath in a circular rin surrounding said cable core, at least some o said condenser conyhaving ins ated cable conductors combined into a cable core, a lead sheath enclosing said cable core, and condenser conductors adapted to com ensate detrimental cross-talk couplings an forming art of said cable core, at least some of said condenser conductors 'bein electrically connected with the insulate cable conductors.

5; A long distance communication cable, having cable conductors and condenser conductors adapted to compensate detrimental cross-talk couplings, both kinds of said conductors being combined to form the cable core, and a lead sheath enveloping said cable core, at least some of said condenser conductors being electrically connected with the insulated cable conductors.

6. A long distance communication cable, havin insulated cable conductors united into a cab e core, a lead sheath enveloping said cable core, condenser conductors adapted to compensate detrimental cross-talk couplin s and being arranged within said lead sheat said condenser conductors being insulatedl and stranded together, at least some of said condenser conductors being electrically connected with the cable conductors.

7. A long distance communication cable having insulated cable conductors and condenser conductors, said condenser conductors being adapted to compensate detrimental cross-talk couplings, both kinds of conductors being combined to form the cable core, a lead sheath surrounding said cable core said condenser conductors being stranded to ether and also stranded together with the cab e conductors, at least some of said condenser conductors being electrically connected with the cable conductors.

8. A long distance communication cable having insulated cable conductors combined into a cable core, a lead sheath enclosing said cable core, condenser conductors adapted to compensate detrimental cross-talk couplings and being located within said lead sheath, said condenser conductors `extending along the entire length of the cable, at least some of said condenser conductors being electrically connected with the cable conductors.

9. A long distance communication cable, having insulated cable conductors combined into the cable core, a lead sheath enclosing said cable core, condenser condutors adapted to compensate detrimental. cross-talk couplings and being located within said lead sheath, said condenser conductors extending along the entire length of the cable and being surrounded by a metallic screening envelope adapted to reduce detrimental couplings, at

least some of said condenser conductors bein electricall connected with said insulate cable con uctors. l

10. A long having .cable conductors combined into a cable core, a lead sheath enclosing said cable core, condenserconductors adapted to com- Eensate detrimental cross-talk couplings and eing located Within said lead sheath, groups of said condenser conductors being connected in arallell to one another, at least some of sai condenser conductors bein electrically connected with said insulate cable conductors.

In testimony whereof I allix m signature.

ERNST FlySCI-IER.

distance communication cable 

